Institute for Internet Policy & Law @ Beijing Normal University

 2013年1月18日，由北京师范大学互联网政策与法律研究中心主办，北龙中网（北京）科技有限责任公司、中国互联网络信息中心协办的“新通用顶级域名争议解决制度”研讨会在京师大厦第一会议室成功举行。

 本次研讨会由北京师范大学互联网政策与法律研究中心主任薛虹教授主持，政府机构、中国国际贸易仲裁委员会、新增通用顶级域名申请机构、相关服务机构代表以及学术界代表共计20余人参加了此次会议。

ICANN新增通用顶级域名的申请、审查、授权程序正在进入关键阶段，有关的争议解决程序渐次启动。有关政府已经对于部分申请的字符提出了早期预警，独立异议人发表了对于部分在公众评论中争议较多的字符的初步意见，有可能进一步提出独立异议。随着初始评审的结束，大量的申请人必须面对是否对他人字符提出异议的抉择，或者将要面临被他人异议的命运。四类异议程序将让新增通用顶级域名程序进入白热化状态。中文社区对此宜早作准备。

研讨会由中国政务和公益机构域名注册管理中心主任王云发表致辞；北京师范大学互联网政策与法律研究中心主任薛虹教授做主题发言；香港DotAsin董事乔荠就新增通用顶级域名授权之前的异议程序进行了发言；在研讨阶段，与会人员就新增通用顶级域名授权之后的争议解决政策及TMCH等相关服务的问题发表了自己的意见，并进行了热烈的讨论。

本次研讨会取得了圆满成功，使中文社区有关各方意见得到充分交流，凝聚了各方力量。本次研讨会为中文社区更好的应对争议解决系列问题做出了贡献。

2012年12月21日，应北京师范大学互联网政策与法律研究中心主任、法学院薛虹教授邀请，北师大法学院荣誉教授、世界经济论咨询委员会副主席、ICANN前任总裁罗德-贝克思多先生为法学院10级本科生与部分研究生讲授了网络知识产权课程。在授课前，薛虹教授接见了罗德教授一行，并与罗德教授就进一步合作进行了愉快的洽谈。薛虹教授对罗德的来访表示了欢迎，肯定了罗德教授的来访将进一步增强中心的科研实力和法学院的国际化水平。罗德教授对薛虹教授的接见和邀请表示感谢，他强调了和青年学生交流的重要性，希望以后有更多机会来访和授课。罗德-贝克思多教授还与部分法学院青年学生进行了座谈会，整个座谈过程内容丰富多彩，气氛轻松愉快，罗德-贝克思多教授丰富的人生经历和诙谐的讲话深深感染了在座的每位同学，同学们都感觉到受益匪浅。

晚上6点，在后主楼1824高铭暄学术报告厅，罗德-贝克思多教授进行了课程讲授。政务与公益机构域名注册与管理中心国际与法律部副主任（CONAC）刘丽梅女士参加了课程，并就实务中遇到的网络法律问题和同学们进行了交流。刘女士介绍了罗德先生的经历，并向同学们阐述了结合实务和前沿学习的重要性。讲座中，罗德-贝克思多教授首先提出了对未来互联网发展的几点假设，并征求了同学们的意见。针对同学们一些较好的反馈，罗德教授表示将在政策研究与制定中认真考虑吸纳。其次罗德-贝克思多教授对互联网发展的原则进行了剖析，提出了5点切实的建议，表达了对互联网的发展的厚望。罗德教授表示，网络的发展离不开大家的参与，每个人的意见对于互联网治理都很有意义。

在最后的互动交流环节，同学们就互联网的发展提出了诸多问题，包括技术发展与人际交往的平衡、大数据时代的个人隐私保护、互联网纠纷解决机制的完善等。罗德教授均做出了详尽的回答，同学们也获益良多。罗德教授还向在互动中比较积极的同学赠送了自己的著作、亚马逊畅销书《海星模式》。课程结束后，仍然有很多同学与罗德先生就互联网发展的问题进行了交流。在三个小时的课程中，罗德-贝克思多教授全部采用英文讲授，通过结合实际，使同学们了解了互联网的相关知识，感受了美国法学院的教学方式，法律英语方面也得到较大提高，整个课程在一片热烈的掌声中圆满结束！

2012年12月5日晚，应北京师范大学法学院邀请，最高人民法院政治部副主任、知识产权法问题专家罗东川法官为师大学子做了一场关于第三次著作权法修改的专题讲座。讲座由互联网政策与法律研究中心主任薛虹教授主持。寒冷的天气没有打消同学们学习的热情，学院部分本科生和研究生前往聆听，教室座无虚席。

北京师范大学法学两院自建院以来一贯注重与实务部门保持良好的沟通与合作，与最高人民法院理论法学研究所和最高法院研究室等机构更是建立了战略合作伙伴关系。罗法官的到来进一步推动了最高人民法院和北师大法学两院的友好合作关系，增强了我院互联网政策与法律研究中心的科研实力。晚上六点整，讲座准时开始。薛虹教授首先介绍了罗法官的有关情况，对罗法官的来访表示诚挚欢迎和衷心感谢。罗东川法官曾在北京市高级人民法院和最高法从事知识产权审判与研究工作，是知识产权领域的著名专家和学者型法官。罗法官于1993年参加建立中国法院最早的知识产权审判庭北京市中级人民法院知识产权审判庭，1995年任北京市第一中级人民法院知识产权审判庭副庭长，后任庭长，2000年任最高人民法院民事审判第三庭（知识产权庭）副庭长。2003年12月任最高人民法院研究室副主任，2009年兼任最高人民法院中国应法学研究所所长。现任最高人民法院政治部副主任、理论研究工作领导小组办公室主任。罗法官还担任中国审判理论研究会秘书长、中国法学会知识产权法研究会常务理事、中国知识产权研究会常务理事、中国法学会消费者权益保护法研究会常务理事、中国科技法学会理事、中国版权协会理事等社会职务。罗法官也曾获得首届全国十大人民满意的好法官、北京十大杰出青年、中国十大杰出青年提名奖、全国先进工作者、全国法院模范等 众多荣誉。对知识产权法的很多问题，罗法官都有自己独到的观点。罗法官对薛虹教授表示感谢，也很期待能多跟青年学子保持交流。在为期两个小时的讲座中，罗法官用真实的案例、具体的数据和丰富的审判实践为大家从实务工作者的角度解读了著作权法。讲座梳理了著作权制度在中国的起源、发展和完善，指出了现有著作权法律和制度面临的问题，分析了技术因素和国际化等对我国著作权制度的推动与影响，最后结合自己参与著作权法修改的专家论证咨询和多年的审判经验与同学们分享了自己的看法并进行了深入交流。

本次讲座内容丰富、形式新颖，为同学们带来了一场不同于平常的法律课。通过这次讲座，大家能够将平时在书本上学到的法律同实际紧密结合起来，真正做到学以致用。讲座在同学们热烈的掌声中圆满结束。

ICANN completed its 43rd meeting in Toronto. The new CEO took office and a couple high-level officers appointed. Over the busy week, I drafted a few policy documents that have been adopted by the pertinent constituencies.

I drafted the “ALAC Statement on Trademark Clearinghouse Document”.

In August 2012 the Registry Stakeholder Group filed a DIDP requesting all documents relating to

• Any claims alleging ownership of intellectual property rights made by any bidder or bidders [for Trademark Clearinghouse (TMCH)] responding to the RFI, including but not limited to claims of copyright in data or compilations of data, patents, trademarks or trade secrets; and

• Any analysis regarding validity of these claims.

In September 2012 ICANN responded that: Regarding this item, to the extent that bidders made claims of ownership of intellectual property rights associated with the proposed operation of the Trademark Clearinghouse, those materials are subject to the same conditions of non–disclosure identified in conjunction with Documents on cost and financial models regarding the operation of TMCH. Regarding claims of ownership of intellectual property rights arising out of the operation of TMCH are being negotiated and will be published in the finalized agreement later.

The ALAC wishes to request further information on the following:

• Intellectual property rights affect or impact ICANN’s decision and selection of TMCH providers. Legally, except trade secrets, intellectual property rights, including Patents, Copyright, Trademarks, should be publicly disclosed in due course either for subsistence or exercise. Will intellectual property rights that affect or impact ICANN’s decision or selection, be disclosed to the community in due course, or will they be allowed to remain secret?
• Will ICANN (and its community) be appropriately licensed on royalty-free or RAND (reasonableand-non-discriminatory) basis by the relevant intellectual property owners?
• Is ICANN developing necessary intellectual property policy for decision-making or contract negotiation?

The ALAC further advises that ICANN needs to implement a thoughtful and comprehensive intellectual property policy in which the global public interest is properly secured. In this regard, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) intellectual property policy sets a good example.

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I draft ALAC Comments on IDN ccTLDs PDP.

We note with concern that the draft recommendations consider selected IDN ccTLD strings to be confusingly similar based on their appearance to “a reasonable Internet user who is unfamiliar with the script” although “linguistic, technical, and visual perception factors” will be taken into consideration.  Notwithstanding the merit and rationale for this assessment criterion, an assessment on confusing similarity based primarily on the appearance of selected strings to users unfamiliar with the script may not be consistent with the nature and purpose of IDN ccTLDs, which are fundamentally introduced for the use and benefit of local IDN users in pertinentccTLD territories.  Without taking into account sufficient linguistic factors, problematic results may occur.  For example, an IDNccTLD that is assessed as not confusingly similar by a user “who is unfamiliar with the script” may well be deemed confusingly similar by the local IDN user and vice versa.  We believe that this particular issue can be addressed in the policy making processthrough more consultations with the IDN communities in implicated ccTLD territories.

A group of IP scholars and social activists met in the ambit of Gobal Research Network on Limitations and Exceptions at Washington College of Law, American University in the 3rd week of September. This was the 3rd meetings on the research topic since the establishment of the Gobal Network. With the participatant from North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Africa (working in US though), the Network is able to stimulate dynamic discussion on globally compatible copyright flexibility model. Although there were many debates and misunderstanding on the proposal “open” model, particularly between Latin American civil law tradition and American common law tradition, consensus is gradually being built. The research on 3-step test is also fruitful. After the meeting of Day one, some participants took a long trip to Maryland to meet the TPP negotiators from all Member States except Canada and Mexico, both of which will not join negotiation until next round.

The Discussions show that there are many creative industries that are relying on copyright flexibility and newly opened-up legal model (e.g. Singapore and Isreal) exerts positive economic effect on GDP and employment. The so-called open model does contain a few new elements that were either overlooked or ruled out. Firstly, open model is shifting the defensive fair use to proactive users’ right, which has been confirmed in Canadian case law; secondly, open model may incorporate the legal presumption for the listed use, which would ease the burden of proof from the users; thirdly, 3-step test can be used prospectively to enable new exceptions, rather than to limit the existing exceptions.

It is interesting to witness the back and forth of the copyright reform in a couple of countries. While Panama enacted a restrict copyright law recently, Brazil is experimenting some flexible approach. China’s 3rd Revision of Copyright Law is another focus of internation attention. For more information, please refer to my recent paper that covers all the important aspects of the 2nd Draft at WCL website.